SMART MATERTECH
  • HOME
  • SHAPE MEMORY MATERIALS/TECHNOLOGY
    • Shape memory alloys >
      • Shape memory alloy actuators
      • Grains and deformation
      • SMA suppliers
    • Shape memory polymers >
      • Thermo-responsive >
        • Heating-responsive >
          • Thermo-plastic elastic SMP >
            • Body/room temperature programmable
          • Thermoset elastic SMP >
            • Body/room temperature programmable
          • Tailoring Tg of polymers via alloying
          • Vitrimer
          • 3D printing filaments
          • Show time
          • Body-temperature programmable elastic shape memory materials: a brief history
        • Cooling-responsive >
          • Cooling-responsive shape memory materials: a brief history
      • Chemo-responsive >
        • Electrospinning: fundametals
        • Natural biopolymers
        • Water-responsive SME: a brief history
      • Hydrogel
      • Simulation of SMP
    • Shape memory hybrids >
      • Electro-activated shape memory hybrid
      • SMHs: tailorable properties
      • Shape memory hybrids: a brief history
    • Triple/multiple SME
    • Reversible/shape change effect
    • Programming conditions
    • Temperature memory effect in DSC
    • Buckling 失稳
    • Constrained recovery of 2way EVA
    • Shape memory structures
    • Shape memory composites
    • Intro. & Refs. >
      • SME in commercial polymers
      • SMM introduction videos
      • PMMA (acrylic)
  • DIY
    • Laser engraving and beyond
    • DIY (step-by-step) to protect power charge cable 自制充电线接头保护层
    • DIY SMP screw 自制形状记忆螺丝
    • DIY shape memory foam 自制形状记忆海绵
    • DIY shape memory shoes 自制形状记忆鞋
    • Modifying superelastic Nitinol 超弹镍钛记忆合金改性
    • Goggles
    • Temple Tip Retainers /眼镜防滑钩
    • Nose pads
    • 硅胶+TPU样品制作 搅拌流程
    • Unlock smart phones
  • PROJECTS
    • Biomedical applications 生物医疗应用 >
      • Self-tightening band aid 自收缩创可贴
      • Self-tightening staple 自收缩手术钉
      • Shape memory plug 形状记忆栓塞
      • Artificial blood vessels
      • Comfort fitting 舒适贴合 >
        • Shape memory shoes 形状记忆鞋
        • Wrist rings/rings
        • Mask口罩 >
          • DIY口罩扣松紧器
          • Mask holder 口罩支架
          • Improved fitting
          • Comfort fitting "invisible" mask 舒适贴合“隐形”口罩 >
            • Animation (mask)
        • Facial mask (面膜)
      • Retractable 可收回
      • Wrinkle removal 除皱
    • SMA devices 形状记忆合金器件 >
      • Buttons-on-demand 按需按钮
      • Sunlight activated heat engine 阳光驱动的热机
      • Adjustable high heel 可调高跟鞋
      • SMA inchworm 形状记忆合金驱动的竹节虫
      • Rolling car 滚动车
      • SMA springs
      • Gripper
    • SMP applications >
      • 4D latte art 4D 拉花 >
        • Spinning 4D latte art
      • Re-writable Braille paper 可复写盲文纸
      • Surface patterning
      • 2D to 3D switching
      • Ear impression/plugs
    • Metals/polymers >
      • Smart manufacturing
      • Powerless cooling
      • Self-healing
      • Sensors 传感器 >
        • Temperature sensors 温度标签
        • Anti-counterfeit labels 防伪标签
      • Vertical gardening 垂直绿化 >
        • 盆景 >
          • In Singapore
        • Products 产品 >
          • Event sponsorship
        • Projects 项目 >
          • A project in Guangzhou (2022)
          • 2nd Project in Guangzhou
          • 3rd Project in Singapore
        • Water on-demand irrigation system
        • Vertical greening panel (2nd type)
        • 2nd type of foam
      • Wearable electronics 可穿戴电子设备
      • Controlled folding/unfolding 可控展开/折叠 >
        • Folding (multiple layered)
        • Reshape & reprogram
      • Active disassembly 自拆卸
      • Morphing wing 变翼
      • Magnetic circuit design
    • Solid state UV cross-linking >
      • Solid-state heating cross-linking
    • Additive manufacturing增材制造 >
      • 3D/4D printing 打印
      • Rapid 3D printing in solid state 快速固态3D打印 >
        • Rapid volumetric additive manufacturing in solid-state: hydrogels
        • UV cross-linkable vitrimer 2022
        • UV cross-linking of solid material
        • UV cross-linking machine
        • Solid-state VAM (3D)
        • SVAM: A brief history
        • Review of Solid state VAM by AI
      • New ways of additive manufacturing (animation)
      • UV-FDM printer
      • Cooling-responsive shape memory hydrogel via FDM
      • 3D fashion >
        • Formation of 3D structures
    • Shape capture
    • Surface capture >
      • Surface pattern for structural coloring
  • Store room
    • References/tools >
      • 3D models >
        • More STL models
        • 生肖
        • 3D printing service
      • Sample dimensions for tensile test
      • Temperature calibration
      • Toolbox工具箱
      • Toolbox II (工具箱 II)
    • Jungle >
      • About polymers >
        • Thermally reversible solid-liquid transition
        • Cyclic loading
        • Mullins effect
        • Photoelsticity 光弹
        • Shear-thickening 剪切增强 >
          • 4 CNA
        • Closed to open cell foams
        • Laser induced graphene
        • Electrospinning
        • Nano imprinting
        • Gel 凝胶 >
          • Instability in wetting of hydrogel
          • Electroactive gel电活性凝胶
        • Cellulose 纤维素
        • Plastic bottle 塑料瓶
        • Polymer recycling
        • Rapid swelling 快速溶胀
        • Rapid hardening in water
        • Patterns
        • Brittle-ductile transition
        • Tan delta >
          • Re-programmable Tan delta
        • UV cross-linking
        • Hardening speed
      • Coloring 变色 >
        • Structural coloring atop curved surfaces
        • Thermochromic 热致变色
        • Photochromic 光致变色
        • Stress induced color change力致变色 >
          • Patterned coloring via stretching 拉出色彩
      • Moire interference 莫尔干涉
      • Lenticular lens
      • Transformation front
      • Contact angle vs surface pattern
      • Laser: applications
      • Insects 昆虫
      • Structural engineer >
        • Static and Dynamic Balancing
        • Introduction videos
        • Bistable structures: a case study >
          • 3D printing of bistable structures
          • Step-wise morphing
        • Yield criterion >
          • Normalized yield surface via GPU
          • Yield surface of SMAs and beyond
        • Buckling of embedded threads
        • Buckling of embedded strip
        • Buckling of strip atop soft substrate
        • Foam structures for packaging
      • Interesting >
        • Exhibition
        • Ideas
      • Experimental >
        • Tensile test
        • Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) Procedure
        • Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) Procedure
        • Shape Memory Performance Characterization Procedure for Shape Memory Polymers
      • ChatGPT 4 fun
      • 智谱测试
  • Contact
    • SMM course
    • Representative publications
    • Projects of undergraduate students
    • List of videos
    • Special issues| Conferences
    • Companies
    • References

SVAM: A brief history

Solid-state volumetric additive manufacturing (SVAM)
​重返地球,4001年。。。(AI生成)
Rapid in-vehicle additive manufacturing
Picture
Picture
Concept
2019
​Dr Chen YH demonstrated the feasibility of UV cross-linking a thermal gel in its solid state.
Solid-state UV cross-linked
thermal gel
​Method for 3D printing of polymer in condensed state
​CN111070673A
​The invention discloses a method for 3D printing a polymer in a condensed state, which comprises the following steps: preparing raw materials: uniformly mixing a polymer raw material and a cross-linking agent according to a certain proportion to obtain a polymer material; distributing and coagulating: placing the polymer material on a platform, and controlling the temperature to enable the polymer material to be in a condensed state or vitrified; and (3) crosslinking and forming: irradiating the polymer material by a light source according to the shape of a product to be manufactured; obtaining a product: removing the uncrosslinked portion of the polymer mass to obtain the product to be manufactured. The polymer raw material is Vistimer material, thermoplastic material or temperature sensitive gel; the crosslinking agent is a photocrosslinking agent, a photothermal crosslinking agent or a radiation crosslinking agent. The printing machine is applied to the space with or without microgravity, or 3D printing is carried out under the conditions of vibration and shaking of ships, trains and the like.

2020
​Vitrimer-Like Shape Memory Polymers: Characterization and Applications in Reshaping and Manufacturing
Concept of UV cross-linkable vitrimer for SVAM was proposed.

2021

Faqrul Hasif Abdul Nasir (2021). Rapid volumetric additive manufacturing in solid-state : a case study using thermal gel. Final Year Project (FYP), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. https://hdl.handle.net/10356/149021
​快速固态增材制造 (Rapid additive manufacturing in solid state )
development
2022
​Room-Temperature Solid-State UV Cross-Linkable Vitrimer-like Polymers for Additive Manufacturing
Room temperature UV cross-linkable vitrimer for SVAM
UV cross-linkable vitrimer

2023
​Solid 3D printing method using double/double-section crosslinking material
​CN116330641A
​The invention discloses a solid 3D printing method using a double/double-section crosslinking material, which comprises the following steps: (1) Pre-curing the liquid dual/dual-stage cross-linked material to change the cross-linked material from a liquid state to a non-flowing state; or the polymer raw material which can change from the fluid state to the non-fluid state along with the temperature change and can be crosslinked by light or light heat is adjusted to the non-fluid state through the temperature; (2) Cross-linking and solidifying the non-fluid dynamic material obtained in the step (1) according to the shape of a product to be printed; (3) removing the uncrosslinked portion to obtain a 3D printed product. The solid 3D printing method provided by the invention can be used for printing the pre-solidified material under special environments such as microgravity, gravity-free or vibration and the like, further widens the working environment and the application field of 3D printing, and provides a solution for realizing solid 3D printing.

Loh, J. Y. (2023). Rapid UV crosslinking In the solid state under random vibration. Final Year Project (FYP), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. https://hdl.handle.net/10356/167324

​Lim, D. W. Y. (2023). Dual beam solid-state UV cross-linking. Final Year Project (FYP), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. https://hdl.handle.net/10356/167322

2024
​​​​Rapid volumetric additive manufacturing in solid-state: a demonstration to produce water-content dependent cooling/heating/water-responsive shape memory hydrogels
UV-cross-linkable thermal gel for SVAM
(paper submitted in 2021)

​Rapid manufacturing anywhere, anytime 
​| Singapore | Materials 2024


Lee, I. K. W. (2024). 2D additive manufacturing via solid state UV cross-linking. Final Year Project (FYP), Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. https://hdl.handle.net/10356/176544
In car testing
​(dual cross-linkable resin)
​Volumetric Additive Manufacturing of Dicyclopentadiene by Solid-State Photopolymerization
Matthew M. Hausladen, Esteban Baca, Kyle A. Nogales, Leah N. Appelhans, Bryan Kaehr, Craig M. Hamel, Samuel C. Leguizamon

A solid-state material with both temperature-sensitive and light-sensitive properties
用于固态下光固化制备聚合物产品的系统
​申请号:2024216490828
申请日:2024 年07 月12 日
​亿辉星珂(广州)特种材料科技有限公司
​用于固态下光交联制备各向异性聚合物产品的系统
申请号:2024216491318
​申请日:2024 年07 月12 日
​亿辉星珂(广州)特种材料科技有限公司

August 9

Solid-state VAM: 1st 3D piece

Volumetric additive manufacturing printer: 绿钥生物
Material:亿辉星珂
August 20​

2025
(FYP) Low FR
​(FYP) Tan EH​

2026
(MSc)Pi Q
Pipelined 2D solid-state UV crosslinking system: design and demonstration, MSc Dissertation, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Picture

# Salvekar, A.V., et al., Rapid volumetric additive manufacturing in solid state: a demonstration to produce water-content-dependent cooling/heating/water-responsive shape memory hydrogels. 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing, 2024. 11(1): p. 125-131.
& Chen, J., et al., Room-Temperature Solid-State UV Cross-Linkable Vitrimer-like Polymers for Additive Manufacturing. Polymers, 2022. 14(11): p. 2203.
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  • HOME
  • SHAPE MEMORY MATERIALS/TECHNOLOGY
    • Shape memory alloys >
      • Shape memory alloy actuators
      • Grains and deformation
      • SMA suppliers
    • Shape memory polymers >
      • Thermo-responsive >
        • Heating-responsive >
          • Thermo-plastic elastic SMP >
            • Body/room temperature programmable
          • Thermoset elastic SMP >
            • Body/room temperature programmable
          • Tailoring Tg of polymers via alloying
          • Vitrimer
          • 3D printing filaments
          • Show time
          • Body-temperature programmable elastic shape memory materials: a brief history
        • Cooling-responsive >
          • Cooling-responsive shape memory materials: a brief history
      • Chemo-responsive >
        • Electrospinning: fundametals
        • Natural biopolymers
        • Water-responsive SME: a brief history
      • Hydrogel
      • Simulation of SMP
    • Shape memory hybrids >
      • Electro-activated shape memory hybrid
      • SMHs: tailorable properties
      • Shape memory hybrids: a brief history
    • Triple/multiple SME
    • Reversible/shape change effect
    • Programming conditions
    • Temperature memory effect in DSC
    • Buckling 失稳
    • Constrained recovery of 2way EVA
    • Shape memory structures
    • Shape memory composites
    • Intro. & Refs. >
      • SME in commercial polymers
      • SMM introduction videos
      • PMMA (acrylic)
  • DIY
    • Laser engraving and beyond
    • DIY (step-by-step) to protect power charge cable 自制充电线接头保护层
    • DIY SMP screw 自制形状记忆螺丝
    • DIY shape memory foam 自制形状记忆海绵
    • DIY shape memory shoes 自制形状记忆鞋
    • Modifying superelastic Nitinol 超弹镍钛记忆合金改性
    • Goggles
    • Temple Tip Retainers /眼镜防滑钩
    • Nose pads
    • 硅胶+TPU样品制作 搅拌流程
    • Unlock smart phones
  • PROJECTS
    • Biomedical applications 生物医疗应用 >
      • Self-tightening band aid 自收缩创可贴
      • Self-tightening staple 自收缩手术钉
      • Shape memory plug 形状记忆栓塞
      • Artificial blood vessels
      • Comfort fitting 舒适贴合 >
        • Shape memory shoes 形状记忆鞋
        • Wrist rings/rings
        • Mask口罩 >
          • DIY口罩扣松紧器
          • Mask holder 口罩支架
          • Improved fitting
          • Comfort fitting "invisible" mask 舒适贴合“隐形”口罩 >
            • Animation (mask)
        • Facial mask (面膜)
      • Retractable 可收回
      • Wrinkle removal 除皱
    • SMA devices 形状记忆合金器件 >
      • Buttons-on-demand 按需按钮
      • Sunlight activated heat engine 阳光驱动的热机
      • Adjustable high heel 可调高跟鞋
      • SMA inchworm 形状记忆合金驱动的竹节虫
      • Rolling car 滚动车
      • SMA springs
      • Gripper
    • SMP applications >
      • 4D latte art 4D 拉花 >
        • Spinning 4D latte art
      • Re-writable Braille paper 可复写盲文纸
      • Surface patterning
      • 2D to 3D switching
      • Ear impression/plugs
    • Metals/polymers >
      • Smart manufacturing
      • Powerless cooling
      • Self-healing
      • Sensors 传感器 >
        • Temperature sensors 温度标签
        • Anti-counterfeit labels 防伪标签
      • Vertical gardening 垂直绿化 >
        • 盆景 >
          • In Singapore
        • Products 产品 >
          • Event sponsorship
        • Projects 项目 >
          • A project in Guangzhou (2022)
          • 2nd Project in Guangzhou
          • 3rd Project in Singapore
        • Water on-demand irrigation system
        • Vertical greening panel (2nd type)
        • 2nd type of foam
      • Wearable electronics 可穿戴电子设备
      • Controlled folding/unfolding 可控展开/折叠 >
        • Folding (multiple layered)
        • Reshape & reprogram
      • Active disassembly 自拆卸
      • Morphing wing 变翼
      • Magnetic circuit design
    • Solid state UV cross-linking >
      • Solid-state heating cross-linking
    • Additive manufacturing增材制造 >
      • 3D/4D printing 打印
      • Rapid 3D printing in solid state 快速固态3D打印 >
        • Rapid volumetric additive manufacturing in solid-state: hydrogels
        • UV cross-linkable vitrimer 2022
        • UV cross-linking of solid material
        • UV cross-linking machine
        • Solid-state VAM (3D)
        • SVAM: A brief history
        • Review of Solid state VAM by AI
      • New ways of additive manufacturing (animation)
      • UV-FDM printer
      • Cooling-responsive shape memory hydrogel via FDM
      • 3D fashion >
        • Formation of 3D structures
    • Shape capture
    • Surface capture >
      • Surface pattern for structural coloring
  • Store room
    • References/tools >
      • 3D models >
        • More STL models
        • 生肖
        • 3D printing service
      • Sample dimensions for tensile test
      • Temperature calibration
      • Toolbox工具箱
      • Toolbox II (工具箱 II)
    • Jungle >
      • About polymers >
        • Thermally reversible solid-liquid transition
        • Cyclic loading
        • Mullins effect
        • Photoelsticity 光弹
        • Shear-thickening 剪切增强 >
          • 4 CNA
        • Closed to open cell foams
        • Laser induced graphene
        • Electrospinning
        • Nano imprinting
        • Gel 凝胶 >
          • Instability in wetting of hydrogel
          • Electroactive gel电活性凝胶
        • Cellulose 纤维素
        • Plastic bottle 塑料瓶
        • Polymer recycling
        • Rapid swelling 快速溶胀
        • Rapid hardening in water
        • Patterns
        • Brittle-ductile transition
        • Tan delta >
          • Re-programmable Tan delta
        • UV cross-linking
        • Hardening speed
      • Coloring 变色 >
        • Structural coloring atop curved surfaces
        • Thermochromic 热致变色
        • Photochromic 光致变色
        • Stress induced color change力致变色 >
          • Patterned coloring via stretching 拉出色彩
      • Moire interference 莫尔干涉
      • Lenticular lens
      • Transformation front
      • Contact angle vs surface pattern
      • Laser: applications
      • Insects 昆虫
      • Structural engineer >
        • Static and Dynamic Balancing
        • Introduction videos
        • Bistable structures: a case study >
          • 3D printing of bistable structures
          • Step-wise morphing
        • Yield criterion >
          • Normalized yield surface via GPU
          • Yield surface of SMAs and beyond
        • Buckling of embedded threads
        • Buckling of embedded strip
        • Buckling of strip atop soft substrate
        • Foam structures for packaging
      • Interesting >
        • Exhibition
        • Ideas
      • Experimental >
        • Tensile test
        • Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) Procedure
        • Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) Procedure
        • Shape Memory Performance Characterization Procedure for Shape Memory Polymers
      • ChatGPT 4 fun
      • 智谱测试
  • Contact
    • SMM course
    • Representative publications
    • Projects of undergraduate students
    • List of videos
    • Special issues| Conferences
    • Companies
    • References